12/14/2023 0 Comments Vocabulary teacher resources![]() ![]() ![]() The RationaleĪt this point, you might be thinking that there just isn't enough time for all this pre-reading word analysis, direct instruction of vocabulary, and game playing. And Webster doesn't get a word in edgewise. Students think about, talk about, apply, and play with new words. Marzano's six steps do something revolutionary to vocabulary learning: They make it fun. Step six: Students periodically play games to review new vocabulary (Pyramid, Jeopardy, Telephone). Step five: Students discuss the new word (pair-share, elbow partners). Step four: Students engage in activities to deepen their knowledge of the new word (compare words, classify terms, write their own analogies and metaphors). Step three: Ask students to create a non-linguistic representation of the word (a picture, or symbolic representation). Step two: Students restate or explain the new word in their own words (verbally and/or in writing). Step one: The teacher explains a new word, going beyond reciting its definition (tap into prior knowledge of students, use imagery). An education researcher and teacher, he stresses that in all content areas, direct vocabulary instruction is essential and suggests six steps: This guy is pretty amazing, having spent countless hours observing students and teachers. If you haven't heard of him, I'd like to introduce Robert Marzano. Go ahead and select some content-specific words (tier three) but only those directly related to the chapter, article, short story, or whatever you are about to read. So, this is when you take a look at the pre-reading vocabulary charts your kids created and choose "kind of" and "don't know at all" words that you deem to be tier two words. Tier Three: Frequency of these words is quite low and often limited to specific fields of study ( isotope, Reconstruction, Buddhism).īeck suggests that students will benefit the most academically by focusing instruction on the tier two words (since these appear with much higher frequency than tier three words, and are used across domains). Tier Two: Words that appear with high frequency, across a variety of domains, and are crucial when using mature, academic language ( coincidence, reluctant, analysis). Tier One: Basic words that rarely require instructional focus ( door, house, book). When considering which words need the most instructional attention, let's turn to Isabel Beck's practical way of categorizing vocabulary words into three tiers: ![]() The kids have selected and rated the words, and now it's your turn. ![]() This data will show you which words they know, those they have some understanding of, and those words that are completely foreign to them. Read through them all and use the results as a formative assessment. Then, here's what to do after the students pick their own words:īefore they turn in these pre-reading charts, be sure to emphasize this is not about "being right" but that they are providing you with information to guide next steps in class vocabulary instruction. How will I teach all these words, and still have class time for all the other things we need to do? First off, rather than waste my time compiling lists, I should have let the kids skim the text in chapter one and select their own words. When I looked at those long lists, I began to freak out. My first year teaching, before my tenth graders began reading Lord of the Flies, I went through every chapter and made lists of all the vocabulary words I thought they'd have trouble with, so that I could pre-teach them. One of the biggest mistakes we teachers make in vocabulary instruction is selecting all the words for the students and not giving them a say in the matter. When choosing which words deserve special instructional time, we don't have to do it alone. (This is why every classroom should have a killer classroom library stocked full of high-interest, age appropriate books.) Selecting WordsĪh, so many words, so little time. Of course the way we learn words in context, or implicitly, is by reading, then reading some more. They need also to learn words in context, not stand alone lists that come and go each week. The truth is, and the research shows, students need multiple and various exposures to a word before they fully understand that word and can apply it. ![]()
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